Nuclear Intelligence Wiki

Fuel dissolved in molten fluoride or chloride salt that serves as both fuel and coolant. Operates at atmospheric pressure. Potential for thorium fuel cycle. Strong load-following. Several startups pursuing designs; none at commercial scale yet.

Uses liquid sodium coolant (no moderator) enabling fast neutron spectrum. Can breed plutonium from U-238 (breeder reactor) or burn actinide waste. Sodium coolant enables high operating temperatures at low pressure.

**Vendor/Designer:** [[vendors/gen4-energy]]

**Operating Reactors (database):** 1 tracked in platform

GHARR-1, a Miniature Neutron Source Reactor (MNSR), is located at the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission (GAEC) in Accra, Ghana. With a thermal power of 30 kWth, it supports civilian research through neutron activation analysis and training, enhancing nuclear education in the region. The reactor remains

The General Nuclear Science Research (GNSR) in North Korea is a state-controlled entity responsible for the country's civilian nuclear research activities. Operating under the direct oversight of the North Korean government, GNSR manages facilities such as the Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Ce

Gorakhpur Unit 1 is under construction at the Gorakhpur Haryana Anu Vidyut Pariyojana site in Haryana, India. This 700 MWe PHWR reactor is significant for India's efforts to increase domestic nuclear power capacity. Construction is ongoing, with no commercial operation date confirmed yet.

Gorakhpur Unit 2 is also under construction at the Gorakhpur Haryana Anu Vidyut Pariyojana site in Haryana, India. With a net capacity of 700 MWe, this PHWR reactor contributes to India's nuclear energy expansion plans. It is still in the construction phase without a set operational start date.

Gravelines 1, an EPR2 reactor, is planned for the Gravelines Nuclear Power Plant in northern France. With a capacity of 1670 MWe, it is part of France's ambitious plan to bolster civilian nuclear power generation with next-generation technology. As it remains in the planning phase, there is no opera

Gravelines 2, an EPR2 reactor, is planned for the Gravelines Nuclear Power Plant in northern France. This 1670 MWe unit is intended to enhance France's civilian nuclear energy infrastructure with advanced reactor technology. It is still in the planning stage and has no operational history.

**Vendor/Designer:** [[vendors/deep-fission]]

The GRR-1 is a 5 MWth open-pool research reactor located at the National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos in Athens, Greece. It supports civilian scientific endeavors including neutron activation analysis, isotope production, and irradiation studies. The reactor remains operational, playing

Haiyang Unit 3 is located at the Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant in Shandong Province, China. This AP1000 reactor, with a net capacity of 1250 MWe, is significant as part of China's expansion of advanced nuclear technology for civilian power generation. Currently under construction, it contributes to th

Haiyang Unit 4 is situated at the Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant in Shandong Province, China. As an AP1000 reactor with a net capacity of 1250 MWe, it plays a key role in China's adoption of next-generation nuclear designs for sustainable energy production. It is currently under construction, aligning

Based in Halden, Norway, the Halden Boiling Water Reactor (HBWR) was a unique heavy water boiling research reactor operated by IFE. It was significant for international collaboration, involving 19 member countries, and focused on fuel testing and materials research over its 59-year operational histo

**Vendor/Designer:** [[vendors/hadron-energy]]

HANARO is South Korea’s primary research reactor, located in Daejeon and operated by the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). It supports a wide range of civilian applications, including neutron scattering, isotope production, and materials testing, with around 30 neutron beam instruments

Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) is a prominent German research institution within the Helmholtz Association, specializing in energy materials, photon science, and nuclear research for civilian applications. It is publicly funded, primarily by the German federal government and the state of Berlin, and

**Vendor/Designer:** [[vendors/kairos-power]]

Planned for construction in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA, the Hermes reactor by Kairos Power is a fluoride salt-cooled high-temperature small modular reactor (SMR) with a net capacity of 35 MWe. It represents a pioneering effort in advanced reactor technology for civilian energy applications, focusing

Located in the Chengdu area of Sichuan, China, the High Flux Engineering Test Reactor (HFETR) is a key facility for the Chinese civilian nuclear program. It serves as an engineering test reactor focused on nuclear fuel and material irradiation, supporting advancements in reactor technology. Operatio

The HIFAR research reactor was situated at Lucas Heights in New South Wales, Australia, and operated by ANSTO. It was a cornerstone of Australian nuclear research for isotope production and neutron scattering over its 49-year operational history until its shutdown in 2007, when it was replaced by th

Situated at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Tennessee, USA, the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR) is renowned for having the highest continuous neutron flux in the Western Hemisphere. It plays a critical role in civilian applications, producing medical isotopes like Mo-99 and supporting neutron scat

Based in Petten, Netherlands, the High Flux Reactor (HFR) is a tank-type research reactor operated by NRG under the EU Joint Research Centre, known as Europe’s primary source of Mo-99 for medical imaging. Its significance lies in supporting global healthcare through isotope production, alongside mat

Hinkley Point C Unit 1 is located in Somerset, England, at the Hinkley Point site. It is a significant project for the UK's nuclear energy revival, aiming to provide low-carbon electricity with a capacity of 1630 MWe net. Construction is ongoing, marking it as part of one of the largest nuclear powe

Hinkley Point C Unit 2 is situated at the Hinkley Point site in Somerset, England. This unit is crucial for enhancing the UK's energy security and decarbonization goals, with a planned capacity of 1630 MWe net. Like Unit 1, it remains under construction as part of a major nuclear expansion project.

**Vendor/Designer:** [[vendors/stl--steenkampskraal]]

**Vendor/Designer:** [[vendors/cnnc---huaneng]]

Based in Dubna, Russia, at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), IBR-2M is a 4 MWth average (1500 MWth peak) fast pulsed research reactor. It is the world’s only operating pulsed fast reactor dedicated to neutron research, focusing on condensed matter physics. Operational since the 1980s

Idaho National Laboratory (INL), located in southeastern Idaho, USA, is a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) national laboratory dedicated to nuclear energy research, development, and demonstration. Managed by Battelle Energy Alliance under a contract with the DOE, INL serves as a cornerstone for civil

Located at the IPEN facility in São Paulo, Brazil, the IEA-R1 is the country's oldest and primary research reactor. It plays a significant role in producing medical radioisotopes for South America, supporting healthcare needs across the region. Operational since the mid-20th century, it remains a ke

The Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) is a Norwegian research organization based in Kjeller and Halden, focusing on energy and nuclear technology. Established in 1948, IFE is an independent foundation with no direct government ownership, though it collaborates closely with Norwegian authorities

The Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) is a leading Norwegian research foundation focused on energy and nuclear technology for civilian applications, established in 1948. Owned by the Norwegian government, IFE operates as an independent entity with a mission to advance sustainable energy solution

**Vendor/Designer:** [[vendors/terrestrial-energy]]

**Operating Reactors (database):** 4 tracked in platform

The National Institute of Nuclear Research (ININ), or Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares, is a public research institution in Mexico operating under the Ministry of Energy. Established in 1956, ININ focuses on the development and application of nuclear technology for civilian purposes,

The Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP) in Kazakhstan, located in Almaty, operates under the National Nuclear Center of the Republic of Kazakhstan, a state-owned entity dedicated to civilian nuclear research and development. Established in 1957, INP focuses on nuclear physics, radiation safety, mater

The Institut Laue-Langevin (ILL), based in Grenoble, France, is a leading international research center specializing in neutron science, operating the High Flux Reactor (RHF), one of the world's most intense neutron sources. Established in 1967, ILL is jointly funded and governed by a consortium of

The Institute for Nuclear Research (INR) under the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), based in Kyiv, is a leading scientific institution dedicated to civilian nuclear research. As a state-supported entity within NASU, it focuses on advancing nuclear physics, reactor technology, and rela

The Institute of Nuclear Physics (INP) in Uzbekistan, located in Tashkent, is a key research institution under the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, focusing on civilian nuclear science and technology. Established in 1956, it serves as the primary center for nuclear physics research in the country,

INVAP, a state-owned technology company in Argentina, and CNEA (Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica), the country's national atomic energy commission, collaborate closely on civilian nuclear projects. CNEA serves as the regulatory and research authority, while INVAP focuses on the design, construct

The Institute of Energy and Nuclear Research (IPEN), based in São Paulo, Brazil, is a leading public research institution under the National Nuclear Energy Commission (CNEN), which is linked to the Ministry of Science, Technology, and Innovation. Established in 1956, IPEN focuses on civilian nuclear

The Instituto Peruano de Energía Nuclear (IPEN) is a governmental institution in Peru, established to oversee the peaceful application of nuclear energy under the Ministry of Energy and Mines. Founded in 1975, IPEN focuses on research and development in nuclear science, with applications in health (

IRR-1 is a pool-type research reactor located at the Soreq Nuclear Research Center in Yavne, Israel, operated by SNRC/SOREQ NRC. It remains operational and is crucial for medical isotope production, neutron activation, and materials research in the region. With a thermal power of 5 MWth, it supports

Located at the Moscow Engineering Physics Institute (MEPhI) in Moscow, Russia, IRT MEPhI is a 2.5 MWth pool-type research reactor. It is primarily used for student training and research in neutron activation analysis. Operational since the 1960s, it continues to play a key role in nuclear education

Located at the Nuclear Scientific Research Center in Tajura, Libya, the IRT-1 is a 10 MWth pool-type research reactor. It played a role in training and neutron activation studies during its operational period. The reactor was permanently shut down in 1989 under IAEA supervision.

Situated at the Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center in North Korea, the IRT-2000 is an 8 MWth pool-type research reactor supplied by the Soviet Union. It has been used for civilian research purposes and has operated intermittently since its commissioning. The reactor has not been under IAEA

Based at the JIPNR-Sosny research center near Minsk, Belarus, the IRT-M is a 4 MWth pool-type research reactor. It serves civilian purposes such as neutron activation, isotope production, and training. The reactor is currently operational, supporting scientific studies in the region.